Gas-Liquid Flows
Barry J. Azzopardi
Department of Chemical, Environmental and Mining Engineering, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England
Descrição
Gas-liquid flows, arising as it does out of Master level and post experience courses, is particularly suitable for these audiences. However, book will also be a valuable source to researchers, not only to new readers coming to the subject for the first time, but also to those more experienced who will gain new insights from its contents. Amongst its aims are to bring together communality of features in two-phase flow across flow patterns and geometries and to put new material into the context of earlier work showing how early and later descriptions have a common root.
The book introduces the basic methods used for two phase design methods, particularly for pressure drop. It goes on to introduce flow patterns and the physics of the transitions between them. It goes on to examine the major flow patterns, concentrating on annular flow in vertical pipes. It finishes with chapters on geometries other than pipes, including pipe junctions.
331 pages,
© 2006
Table of contents:
1.3 THE PURPOSE OF THE BOOK
1.4 DEFINITIONS AND BASIC PARAMETERS
1.5 THE STRUCTURE OF THE BOOK
CHAPTER 2 - THE SEPARATED FLOW APPROACH
2.2 SEPARATED FLOW CONCEPT
2.3.2 Frictional Component
2.3.3 Gravitational Component
2.3.4 Accelerational Component
2.5 VOID FRACTION EQUATIONS
2.5.1 Empirical Multiplier on the Homogeneous Description
2.5.2 Correlations for Slip Ratio
2.5.3 Drift Flux Correlations
2.5.4 Direct Correlations
2.6 FRICTIONAL PRESSURE DROP EQUATIONS
2.6.2 Graphical Correlations
2.6.3 Algebraic Correlations
2.6.4 Test of Overall Pressure Drop Predictions
CHAPTER 3 - STRUCTURE OF FLOW AND FLOW PATTERNS
3.2 THE STRUCTURE OF THE FLOW
3.3 FLOW PATTERNS IN VERTICAL UPFLOW
3.4 FLOW PATTERN MAPS IN VERTICAL UPFLOW
3.5 FLOW PATTERNS IN HORIZONTAL FLOW
3.6 FLOW PATTERN MAPS - HORIZONTAL FLOW
3.7 FLOW PATTERN WITH PHASE CHANGE
3.7.1 Evaporation - Vertical
3.7.2 Condensation - Horizontal
3.7.3 Evaporation - Horizontal
3.7.4 Effect of Phase Change on Flow Pattern
CHAPTER 4 - FLOW PATTERN TRANSITION MODELS FOR VERTICAL UPWARD FLOWS
4.2 TRANSITIONS INVOLVING BUBBLY FLOWS
4.3 TRANSITIONS AT HIGHER GAS VELOCITIES
CHAPTER 5 - BUBBLY, SLUG AND CHURN FLOWS IN VERTICAL PIPES
CHAPTER 6 - VERTICAL ANNULAR FLOW
6.3.1 Methods of Measurement
6.3.2 Interface Characteristics
6.3.3 Causes of Disturbance Waves
6.3.4 Wave Frequency and Velocity
6.3.5 Modelling of Disturbance waves
6.3.6 Film Thickness and Interfacial Shear Stress
6.4 ENTRAINED FRACTION AND RATES OF ATOMISATION AND DEPOSITION
6.4.1 Mechanisms of Atomisation
6.4.2 Methods of Measurement
6.4.3 Inception of Entrainment
6.4.4 Data Sources and Parametric Trends for Entrained Fraction
6.4.5 Equations to Predict Entrained Fraction
6.4.6 Mechanism of Deposition
6.4.7 Methods to Predict Rates of Entrainment and Deposition
6.5.1 Methods of Measurement
6.5.2 Means and Distribution
6.5.3 Sources of Data and Parametric Trends
6.5.4 Equations to Predict Drop Size
6.6 SOLUTION OF EQUATIONS AND PREDICTIONS
6.6.1 Methods of Solution
6.6.2 Comparison of Predictions with Experimental Data
CHAPTER 7 - STRATIFIED FLOW AND FLOW PATTERN TRANSITIONS IN HORIZONTAL PIPES
7.2 STRATIFIED FLOW MODEL
7.3 STRATIFIED TO SLUG OR ANNULAR TRANSITION
7.3 STRATIFIED TO SLUG OR ANNULAR TRANSITION
7.4 SLUG/ANNULAR TRANSITION
7.5 COMPARISON WITH EXPERIMENTS
CHAPTER 8 - STRATIFIED, ANNULAR AND SLUG FLOW HORIZONTAL AND INCLINED PIPES
8.2 STRATIFIED AND ANNULAR FLOWS
8.2.1 Models for Stratified and Annular Flows
CHAPTER 9 - MORE COMPLEX GEOMETRIES
9.2.1 Flow in Vertical Annuli
9.2.2 Horizontal flow in an annulus
9.2.3 Axial Flow in Bundles
9.2.4 Cross Flow Through Bundles
9.2.6 Models for Flow Pattern Transitions
9.2.7 Flow Pattern Specific Information and Models
9.4 ENLARGEMENTS, CONTRACTIONS AND ORIFICE PLATES
CHAPTER 10 - TWO-PHASE FLOW AT T-JUNCTIONS
10.3.3 Models of phase separation
10.3.4 Predictive capabilities of models
10.4 USE OF A T-JUNCTION AS PARTIAL PHASE SEPARATOR
1. TABLES OF DATA SOURCES