HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN FREE SURFACE FLOWS WITH SOLIDIFICATION

The objective of this paper is to discuss the theory of free surface flows with solidification. This type of open-channel flows is relevant to a number of important manufacturing processes, such as the horizontal continuous casting of carbon steel. Since carbon steel is a binary alloy, in formulating a mathematical model in addition to accounting for fluid flow and heat transfer, it is also necessary to account for the solute transport and for the two-phase region (the mushy zone) effects. Difficulties of the theory are discussed.